Synthesis,and Study of Gemini Surfactants as Demulsifier for Treatment
| Preis: | 64.90 EUR* (inkl. MWST zzgl. Versand - Preis kann jetzt höher sein!) |
| Versand: | 0.00 EUR Versandkostenfrei innerhalb von Deutschland |
| Partner: | buecher.de |
| Hersteller: | Lap Lambert Academic Publishing (Alameri, Najlaa) |
| Stand: | 2015-08-04 03:50:33 |
Produktbeschreibung
In recent years, there is an increasing in novel forms of surfactants, particularly in Gemini surfactants. In these investigation, five Cationic Gemini surfactants were prepared (C10 - 2BU - C10), (C10 - 2DI - C10), (C12 - 2BU - C12), (C14 - 2SU - C14) and (C14 - 2Pr - C14). Then these compounds were identified by FT - IR, C.H.N., GC - MS, 1H NMR and 13C NMR. It was found that novel quaternary ammonium Gemini surfactants with hydroxyl groups which consist of two conventional surfactants joined by a spacer at the head group. The CMC and HLB were determined for the prepared surfactants to evaluate them. Where these surfactants are superior to the corresponding conventional surfactants in a number of aspects such as a lower critical micelle concentration (CMC), a higher efficiency in reducing the oil/water interfacial tension.Effective separation of water-in-crude oil emulsions is a central challenge for the oil industry, especially with the future increase in down-hole processing of well-fluids. So that five demulsifiers were prepared (2BU - C10), (2DI - C10), (2BU - C12), (2SU - C14) and (2Pr - C14) in different concentrations(10, 20, 30, 40, 50) ppm.
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