Macmillan´s Magazine, Vol. 1
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Excerpt from Macmillan´s Magazine, Vol. 1: November, 1870; Lambeth and the Archbishops From the days of Anselm to the days of Stephen Langton, Lambeth fronted Westminster as the Archbishop fronted the King. Synod met over against Council; the clerical court of the one ruler rivalled in splendour, in actual influence, the baronial court of the other. There was a constitutional significance in the choice of such a spot as the residence of the Primate, as there was a significance in the date at which the choice was made. So long as the political head of the English people, as Alfred or Athelstan or Eadgar, ruled from Winchester, the spiritual head of the English people was content to rule from Canterbury. It was when the piety of the Confessor and the political prescience of his Norman successors brought the Kings finally to Westminster that the Archbishops were permanently drawn, to their suffragan´s manor-house at Lambeth. For more than a century of our history the great powers which together were to make up the England of the future lay marshalled thus over against each other on either side the water. The first event in the annals of their new abode illustrates the nobleness of the part which during this interval the Primates were called upon to play. From the moment of his accession, it had been the aim of the last Norman king to complete the work of the Conquest by the fusion of conquerors and conquered. Of this fusion Henry, in the outset of his reign, resolved himself to be the type; and, in the teeth of the taunting Baronage, the King chose a girl of English blood for his wife. He had defied the hatred of caste, but a power yet stronger than caste-hatred interfered to forbid the banns. The age was at heart a religious one, and political party-spirit veiled itself, not for the first time or the last, under religious forms. The girl, it was whispered, was a nun of Wilton; from childhood men had seen her veiled among the sisterhood. The very thought of such a marriage was sacrilege of the deepest dye, and even Henry was forced to wait the coming of the one man, the wisdom and purity of whose judgment none could question. Anselm was hardly back in England before Matilda stood in his presence at Lambeth, telling her tale in words whose passionate earnestness still breathes through the formal page of Secretary Eadmer. It was a tale that painted vividly the wreck of morals and of law during the actual progress of the Conquest. Daughter as she was of the Scottish king, and sheltered as it seemed by her childish years and the sanctities of the cloister, her Aunt Christiana, to whose care she had been committed, could find no safeguard for her niece against the outrage of the Norman soldiery but in the monastic veil. Again and again the child flung it from her; she only yielded at last to the unwomanly taunts, to the actual blows of her aunt. "As often as I stood in her presence," the girl pleaded passionately to the saintly Primate, "I wore the veil, trembling as I wore it with indignation and grief. But as soon as I could get out of her sight I used to snatch it from my head, fling it on the ground, and trample it in my rage under foot. That was the way, and none other, witness my conscience, in which I was veiled." The tale carried conviction with it to Anselm´s ear, as it still does to ours. In formal court, with his suffragans gathered round him, the Primate cited the case publicly before him at Lambeth, and listened to the confirmatory witness of the sisterhood. Then the girl herself stood forward in the midst of her judges, and offered to make oath of the truth of her tale. But Anselm would hear no more. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com
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