Panama Canal Tolls; The Traditional Policy of the United States in Relation to Waterways
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| Partner: | buecher.de |
| Hersteller: | Forgotten Books (Burton, Theodore Elijah) |
| Stand: | 2015-08-04 03:50:33 |
Produktbeschreibung
Excerpt from Panama Canal Tolls; The Traditional Policy of the United States in Relation to Waterways: Speech of Hon. Theodore E. Burton of Ohio in the Senate of the United States, May 19, 1914 It is much more constant than our record as regards the relation of the Federal Government to the States or upon tariff or foreign affairs. Nations, like individuals, have their distinctive qualities, opinions, and aspirations which shape their course and determine their standing among the countries of the world. Thus their movements may be forward or backward. They may advance the cause of human liberty or retard its development. They may promote International confidence or breed discord and repulsion. German Idealism has given to nations the attribute of personality. The great Swiss-German publicist, Bluntschll, says: Individual States differ like individual men In spirit, character, and form. While history explains the organic nature of the Stale, we learn from it at the same time that the State does not stand on the same grade with the lower organisms of plants and animals, but Is of a higher kind; we learn that it is a moral and spiritual organism, a great body which Is capable of taking up Into itself the feelings and thoughts of the nation of uttering them in laws, and realizing them in nets; we are informed of moral qualities and of the character of each State. History ascribes to the State a personality which, having spirit and body, possesses and manifests a will of Its own. The recognition of the personality of the State Is thus not less Indispensable for public law (Statsrecht) than for International law (Volkerrecht). The United States from the very beginning insisted upon certain fundamental principles, such as that all men are created equal; that governments derive their just powers from the consent of the governed. The basis of the demand for equal use of channels is found in the essential ideas which actuated the American Revolution. Liberty and equality of rights demanded as a concomitant equality of opportunity and unrestricted progress. Progress and equality of opportunity require common access to those utilities and agencies which are necessary for the use and benefit of mankind. Thus we see that from the very first our ancestors strenuously insisted upon the abolition of exactions and the removal of restrictions which royal privilege had imposed or which had been accepted as belonging to countries because of favorable location or other advantages. Many of the colonists prior to the Revolution bad been actively engaged In trade and in commerce by sea. One of the accusations against King George III in the Declaration of Independence is "for cutting off our trade with all parts of the world." In the report of the committee of the Continental Congress, in response to the conciliatory resolution proffezed by Lord North in 1775, complaint was made that freedom of movement had been denied to the ships of the colonies. The report, submitted to Congress on July 25, 1775, is in the following language: On the contrary, to show they mean no discontinuance of Injury, they pass acts, at the very time of holding out this proposition, for restraining the commerce and fisheries of the province of New England, and for interdicting the trade of other colonies with ail foreign nations and with each other. This proves unequivocally they mean not to relinquish the exercise of indiscriminate legislation over us. Illustrations of Claim Natural Rights in Navigable Stream. This claim of a natural right was asserted by the Continental Congress during the Revolutionary War in a demand made upon Spain for the free navigation of the Mississippi River. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publi
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