Memoranda on Some Medical Diseases in the Mediterranean War Area, Vol. 1
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| Stand: | 2015-08-04 03:50:33 |
Produktbeschreibung
Excerpt from Memoranda on Some Medical Diseases in the Mediterranean War Area, Vol. 1: With Some Sanitary Notes This disease has occurred at Salonica within recent years. In hot, dry and sandy countries it is apt to appear in the season when dust-storms are prevalent. Etiology. The causal micro-organism is the Gram-negative Diplococcus intracellularis of Weichselbaum found in the cerebro-spinal fluid and meninges of persons suffering from the disease. It has been isolated from the blood and from the nasal and lachrymal secretions and is frequently demonstrable in the throat secretions of contact cases. It would seem that the healthy "carrier" is the chief source of infection and, harbouring the meningococcus in his throat, he distributes it when he coughs, spits or sneezes. Infected fomites, such as handkerchiefs, etc., may play a part and it is possible that food may become contaminated and infection take place through the gastro-intestinal tract. The general view is that it enters the brain either via the lymphatics through the cribriform plate of the ethmoid or the sphenoidal sinuses, or reaches brain or spinal cord by the blood through the respiratory passages. Observations on a regimental epidemic showed that: - 1. There are many more contacts than actual cases. 2. The cocci usually disappear quickly from the naso-pharyngeal mucus but may persist for 4 weeks. 3. They are most numerous and virulent during their first week of residence in the throat. 4. They are little resistant to the sun´s rays. The prevalence of naso-pharyngeal catarrh favours infection and so do over-fatigue, over-crowding and bad ventilation. It is conceivable that under war conditions flies might spread infection. The whole of the "carrier" question is still subjudice. Symptoms. Incubation period uncertain but probably less than 10 days. The onset is very sudden, so much so that the patient may rapidly lose consciousness. If he can walk his peculiar gait may betray him for he looks as if he were going to throw himself backwards. He complains of headache, stiffness in the neck and chilly sensations. There may be a rigor and vomiting and the temperature is raised. The face is flushed, the mind confused, the patient possibly delirious. Extraction of the head is marked. It may be difficult to bend it forward. Herpes on the lips or elsewhere is common. The tongue is dry and furred. Strabismus may be noted and photophobia is frequent. The presence of Kernig´s sign is a great help in diagnosis for it is rarely absent. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
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